LAND ART TRAIL ON MOUNT UČKA: Official guide by the trail author (2026)
The land art trail on Učka is a unique project from 20 works of land art and rock art along the 7,2 km long trail through the beautiful landscapes of the Učka and Ćićarija mountains, on the border of Istria and Kvarner (Croatia). The author of the project is Boris Pecigoš, Master of Arts. The trail was opened in 2016 in collaboration with Učka Nature Park.
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“When I expressed my desire to create land art in their area to the management of the Učka Nature Park in 2014, I initially envisioned just a few works randomly placed on Učka and Ćićarija. I had no idea that the Park's need for a structured trail would lead to such a comprehensive project.
Two years later, in July 2016, the Land Art Trail was officially opened and since then it has hosted thousands of people annually, conveying the idea of the unity of man and nature and the synergy of love of nature, art, and spirituality.
Today, ten years later, I proudly continue that story. Since 2025, I have been personally taking care of the trail itself and all the work on the ground at my own expense, because I want your walk to remain inspiring. My life partner provides me with support and active artistic participation in the restoration of the trail and the artworks along the trail. Sasho Martinovski.
PS The trail was then called the “Land art trail Stražica – Sapaćica”, and today I prefer the name “Land art trail on Učka”.
– Boris Pecigoš, Master of Arts
The only updated online guide
In this comprehensive online guide you can find the key information you need to enjoy your stay on the Land art trail and understand the artworks you will encounter. This guide is the only relevant source of information for travelers seeking an authentic land art experience on Učka. The online guide is updated in 2026.
“This trail was designed and laid out by me, so this guide is the only place where you can find completely accurate and up-to-date information about all the works. The internet is full of old articles and incomplete descriptions that can confuse you. Here you have direct insight into my vision, the story behind each work, the trail map and the current state of the field, because no one knows this trail better than the one who created it.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Since the signal on Učka is weak or non-existent, we recommend that you read this guide before leaving home. print, save as PDF or download the page to your mobile phone for offline access.
Click on the three dots (usually in the upper right corner), find the command “Print”, “Save as PDF”, “Download page”, or “Share”. The exact method depends on your internet browser and the device you are using. Saving as PDF is often hidden within the “Print” command.
That way you will have access this guide even if you lose signal.
If you don't need a guide, have at least one with you static offline map of the Land art trail which you can freely download to your device.
GPX route trace
Download GPX track of the Land Art Trail which contains a precisely drawn path and all points of interest (Waypoints) with information and direct links to the descriptions in this guide. Open the GPX track in your favorite app or in a completely free app Organic Maps which has excellent offline maps for viewing and navigating in areas without signal. Before heading to Učka, download the offline map of Croatia within the app to make sure navigation will work even in areas without signal.
Official routes in mountaineering applications
If you prefer to use ready-made navigation with marked points, photos and short descriptions of sections, you can also follow the official route of the Land Art Trail via the following applications (links lead directly to the route within the applications):
Guide contents
- Theme of Land Art Trail ↓
- Preparing for the trail tour ↓
- What others say about the Land Art Trail ↓
- About the author of the Land Art Trail ↓
- Bespoke Land Art Commissions
(Personalized land art for your property)
- Bespoke Land Art Commissions
- FAQ – Frequently asked questions about the Land Art Trail ↓
List of 20 land art spots to visit
Note on the condition and preservation of the Land Art Trail
“Most of the original 20 land art works are designed to last for decades, while some ephemeral materials naturally age and disappear, which is the essence of land art. The photographs on this page show the works in their in its original form (2016) and the updated versions from 2025 and 2026I regularly add photos of restored land art works and works that required concept adjustments due to changes in the terrain to this online guide so that you know exactly what to expect in this "open-air gallery" that defies oblivion.
The Land Art Trail is currently not part of the official offer of the Učka Nature Park and overlaps with their newer “Educational Walk Stražica – Sapaćica”. However, the Land Art Trail continues to live on in the field as an independent art project. In order to ensure the survival of this unique vision, In 2025, I took over full care of the Land Art Trail.. I try to invest my creative energy, time and money in the maintenance and restoration of the Land art trail. At that time, the Land art trail on the ground still retains its attractiveness and artistic and spiritual essence."
– Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Contact:
boris.pecigos@gmail.com
+385 92 30 90 550
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THEME OF LAND ART TRAIL
This 7,2 km long circular trail is a combination of artistic interventions in the form of land art and rock art, and natural beauty. Ćićarije, or rather its southern areas around the Stražica cliffs and the Sapaćica pasturesThe works are found in places where you least expect them.
The guiding idea of the trail, which is a conceptual design artist Boris Pecigoš, is developing awareness of the importance the connection between man and nature. Man, regardless of the alienation and hectic pace of today's lifestyle, is an inseparable part of nature. Although his very existence influences and changes nature, he can learn to follow the rhythms of nature and respect other beings who live with him on the planet.
The best way to fully experience the Land Art Trail
While you are walking, breathe in the scents of the forest, listen her sounds, feel damp earth under your fingers, have mercy delicate moss, hug the tree, allow the sun caresses your skin, absorb greenery and feel the powerful energy of nature around you. You don't need to search for feelings of oneness with nature because they will happen by themselves. It is only important that be present.
Don't forget to look for works of land art and rock art that will encourage you to think and meditationPause in silence, feel nature and connect with it while observing a work of art. Touch palm prints which are found on some works and get in touch with nature. Feel the impact of nature on your physical, emotional and spiritual well-being. Reflect on your relationship with nature and become aware of your connection with all of creation. Breathe with nature as one.
What is land art?
Land art is nowadays a very diverse art form. The works are created in nature from natural materials found on site (stone, gravel, soil, logs, branches, leaves, snow, water...). Sometimes artificial materials are also introduced. Painting rocks with ecological paints, which is the case with some of the works on this trail, is called rock art. Works of land art stand in the open, located away from civilization, left to change and decay under the influence of natural forces.
Land art as an art form emerged in the 1960s in the USA. However, the first cave drawings, megaliths, geoglyphs and petroglyphs of tribal peoples show that man from the very beginnings of the human species characteristic of this kind of expression.
Geoglyphs, rock paintings, petroglyphs, rock art
Land art in the narrow sense includes only geoglyphs (motifs “drawn” on the ground, usually with stones or other more permanent landscape elements) and diverse constructions made of natural materials found on site, such as branches, vines, logs, dry trees, dry grass, etc.
However, this project also includes rock paintings (petroglyphs). That's actually rock art, an anthropological term referring to prehistoric art and the art of so-called primitive peoples. On the Land Art Trail, color appears even on most of the geoglyphs, even if only as a small detail. This is the artist's direct reference to ancient prehistoric art and the art of tribal peoples throughout history, but with contemporary artistic expression, techniques and materials.
"With bright colors, compositionally arranged according to some inner feeling of mine into simple abstract forms, I tried to convey to visitors my own feelings of serenity and joy that I experience in nature." – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Download the author's study The history of land art and rock art, from prehistoric phenomena to contemporary artistic aspirations. Find a description of ancient and modern influences on the artworks on the Land Art Trail (129 pages) in the study.
The connection between man and nature through art
The project "Land art trail on Učka" was realized in Učka Nature Park combines artistic content with naturalistic, ecological, psychological and spiritual aspects.
The guiding principle of the trail is to develop awareness of the importance of the connection between humans and nature. That is why this project is also site specific art – art that is created in harmony with the place of performance. At each point on the path, care was taken to ensure that the artwork would fit into the given environment, whether it was a grassy clearing, a dense forest, a clearing (a part of the forest that has been cut down), a rocky outcrop or cliff, a pasture, a cluster of stones on a scree, or an area covered in moss.
A work of art made in nature is one way to achieve the union of man and nature. Through getting to know the different natural materials from which such a work is made, by touching it, observing its shape, composition, color and integration into the natural environment, by developing an intuitive perception due to the meditative process of artistic creation in harmony with nature that is transferred to the product itself, the visitor can feel and understand the rhythms of nature.
The locations on the Land Art Trail were not chosen randomly.
"Places for artwork" I chose intuitively., primarily those that attracted me with their beauty and the energy they radiated. My intention was to convey to you, as visitors to the trail, a piece of that experience and the entire creative process. That is why many places are slightly tucked away from the main trail. This spontaneously emphasized the surprise factor when you turn off the road and come to a location where there is an unexpected work of art, which you nevertheless curiously anticipate upon arriving on the trail.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Outdoor gallery
The artist's motivation from the beginning was to create a gallery of outdoor artworks and invite people to nature, even those who are not normally mountaineers, because The trail is easy and without steep climbs.The difference in altitude between the lowest and highest points of the trail is about 130 m, and the length of the trail is 7,2 km. It can be completed in 2-5 hours, depending on the pace of walking and the time spent at individual points.
Since twenty points of land art invite the visitor to pauses with each work, and some places are already extremely beautiful in themselves, full of pleasant energies which radiates from the surrounding nature, and the artwork further emphasizes it, it is assumed that you will feel it and stay longer than usual. You may want to to contemplate in silence or even meditate. Therefore, a tour of the trail can be extended to several hours, or perhaps even a whole day.
The spiritual aspect of the Land Art Trail
In this way, the artist achieves his goal, which he has incorporated into this path and the works on it – a combination of art, the beauty of nature and spirituality. Spirituality for the author means inner feeling of the energy of nature and conscious immersion in it in order to derive maximum benefit for one's own well-being on all levels. In this way, the artist refers to prehistoric art in a contemporary way which, through rituals and ceremonies, served the purpose of connecting with nature and spiritual elements.
See autumn picture galleries The energy of land art spots on Učka i What is not seen is the most important - energy points on the Land art trail te winter picture gallery Land art trail under the snow - winter calm and energy change.
Land Art Trail logo or sign
The trail logo, i.e. trail sign in the form, serves as a marker for the locations of land art works palm with a drawn labyrinthThe palm is a symbol of contact and is suitable as a sign of the path, and appears in some of the works.
Labyrinth appears as a frequent motif in works on this track. In addition to being present on the trail sign, it also appears on maps and road signs. There is a central point, but unlike traditional mazes, it has two entrances/exits. This labyrinth can be seen as a stylization of a female figure who raised and circled her arms in the shape of a crescent moon. This symbolizes the transformation and continuous renewal of nature in spiral cycles and changes.
The labyrinth is an artist's construction.
That labyrinth is artist's construction. He didn't copy it from historical sources. It's not one of the nine "celestial labyrinths" popular in New Age circles, and which today are made as stencils all over Croatia and beyond. The author designed it in 2011 for the needs of an exhibition, when it was built from salt. For the Land Art Trail, it was modified into a shape visible on the trail sign. It was additionally modified with another ring and three entrances/exits for the needs of the geoglyph at the 10th point - Labyrinth.
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PREPARING FOR A TOUR OF THE LAND ART TRAIL
The land art trail is easy walk in nature, suitable for families with children and the elderly. However, it is good to have sturdy shoes (mountaineering boots or trekking shoes). Take also gate for protection from the sun in summer or for protection from cold and wind in winter. Hiking poles They are not necessary, but having them will definitely make walking easier.
Bring it. enough water, especially in the summer. Bring and some food, because you will definitely want to stay on the mountain a little longer than the minimum time allowed for touring the trail.
Since the signal on Učka is weak or non-existent, we recommend that you read this guide before leaving home. print, save as PDF or download the page to your mobile phone for offline access.
Click on the three dots (usually in the upper right corner), find the command “Print”, “Save as PDF”, “Download page”, or “Share”. The exact method depends on your internet browser and the device you are using. Saving as PDF is often hidden within the “Print” command.
That way you will have access this guide even if you lose signal.
If you don't need a guide, have at least one with you static offline map of the Land art trail which you can freely download to your device.
GPX route trace
Download GPX track of the Land Art Trail which contains a precisely drawn path and all points of interest (Waypoints) with information and direct links to the descriptions in this guide. Open the GPX track in your favorite app or in a completely free app Organic Maps which has excellent offline maps for viewing and navigating in areas without signal. Before heading to Učka, download the offline map of Croatia within the app to make sure navigation will work even in areas without signal.
Official routes in mountaineering applications
If you prefer to use ready-made navigation with marked points, photos and short descriptions of sections, you can also follow the official route of the Land Art Trail via the following applications (links lead directly to the route within the applications):
Statistics
Trail difficulty: easy (T1/K1)
Trail length: 7,2 km
Height difference: 130 m
Total ascent (go into): 350 m
Tour time:
- Minimum time (fast pace with short stops): 2 to 3 hours.
- Real time (relaxed family outing or walk with photography): about 4 hours.
- Comfortable weather (detailed tour with longer enjoyment at land art points and viewpoints): 5 hours or more.
Entrance: free
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HOW TO GET TO THE ENTRANCE TO THE LAND ART TRAIL
The Land Art Trail has two entrances which are located on the road that connects Kvarner and Istria via Učka.
The first entrance is the main entrance and is located on the Poklon Pass, near the Učka Nature Park Info Center, the Poklon Mountain Lodge, and the Pansion Učka restaurant. It is marked with a painted stone signpost and a large rectangular marking on a tree with the inscription “Land art trail” in a green and orange frame. The colors correspond to the sections of the trail that begin here.
Second entrance is opposite the road junction for Vojak, the highest peak of Učka, near the Dopolavoro restaurant. The stone signpost is broken, but there are three large rectangular markings on trees with the inscription “Land art trail” in a purple, pink or orange frame. The colors correspond to the sections of the trail that start here.
You need a car, your own, rented or a taxi, because there is no other way to get to Poklon and the entrance to the Land Art Trail.
Arrival from Rijeka
If you are coming from Rijeka, take the E61 (A7) bypass and the E751 (A8) motorway in the direction of Pula. Take the exit for Veprinac. Then, at the first intersection, turn left for Veprinac. At the next intersection in Veprinac, also turn left (there is a signpost for Učka on the road). Drive for about 7,2 km to Poklon and the first, main entrance to the Land Art Trail. The second entrance is 800 m further down the road.
Arrival from Istria
From the direction of Istria, take the E751 (A8) motorway at the Vranja exit. This is the direction for the island of Cres, Labin and Vela Učka, as indicated by the road signs. Immediately after the toll booths, turn left for Vela Učka, as indicated by the road sign. Drive for about 5,6 km to the second entrance to the Land Art Trail. The main, first entrance is located 800 m further down the road.
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TOUR OF ALL 20 LAND ART POINTS
"Below, I take you through all 20 points of the trail, as I imagined them when I created them and as I bring them back to life today, during regular renovations." – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
👣 Start: 0,0 km
➡️ 1st point: 0,5 km
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Interactive online map of the Land art trail
(I.e. bullet point list | 🗺️ offline map
You can also view this interactive map directly in the Google Maps application (only if you are online).
Download GPX track of the Land Art Trail which contains a precisely drawn path and all points of interest (Waypoints) with information and direct links to the descriptions in this guide. Open the GPX track in your favorite app or in a completely free app Organic Maps which has excellent offline maps for viewing and navigating in areas without signal. Before heading to Učka, download the offline map of Croatia within the app to make sure navigation will work even in areas without signal.
Static offline map of the Land art trail
(right-click on the image or on a mobile phone, hold your finger until a box appears with the command to download the image to your device)
Download GPX track of the Land Art Trail which contains a precisely drawn path and all points of interest (Waypoints) with information and direct links to the descriptions in this guide. Open the GPX track in your favorite app or in a completely free app Organic Maps which has excellent offline maps for viewing and navigating in areas without signal. Before heading to Učka, download the offline map of Croatia within the app to make sure navigation will work even in areas without signal.
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Land Art Trail tour direction
Although the Land Art Trail has two entrances, start the tour from the main entrance on Poklon (Entrance 1). Go around the path in a counter-clockwise directionThis way you will visit the artworks in the order in which they are listed in this guide.
Follow the path and it will naturally lead you from one point to another. Everything is well marked so you can't get lost and you won't miss a single point. Just pay attention to the markings and signposts.
Five sections of the Land Art Trail
The trail is divided into 5 sections, of which each is marked with its own color.
Start following green markings placed on trees and rocks. Along the Green section of the trail there are seven land art installations (here marked with numbers 1 – 7). You will also come across a branch for a speleological object (Jama za greben, 111 m deep).
Keep following red markings and you will come across five more land art installations (here marked with numbers 8 – 12). There are also three viewpoints on the Red Section of the trail.
Na Purple There are six land art installations along this section of the trail. Most of them are in the form of painted rocks, i.e. rock art (marked here with numbers 13 – 18).
You will exit at Entrance 2 from where the short Pink The section of the trail leads to the Kroga viewpoint on the Stražica cliff (996 m). Along this section there is only one land art installation (marked here with number 19).
When you return to Entrance 2, follow orange markings through the forest. These will take you back to Entrance 1 and Poklon, where you started your journey. There is only one piece of land art along the Orange section of the trail (marked here with number 20).
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ENTRANCE TO THE LAND ART TRAIL
From 2025 at both entrances, i.e. at the beginning of each individual trail There is a large inscription on the trees. “LAND ART TRAIL” in the appropriate color of the trail. The plaque below the name reads QR code to download this guide.
The second set of pictures shows Entrances 1 and 2 as they looked when the Land Art Trail opened in 2016. The information boards were removed by Učka Nature Park in 2024. The entrance stone signpost still exists only at Entrance 1, while it has been broken at Entrance 2.
A little tip for browsing galleries: Every picture has its own story. To learn more, click on the photo to enlarge, then click on the icon "I" in the bottom corner.
“Sasho and I wanted you to feel safe and welcome on the trail from the very first step. Since there are no more information boards and a single stone entrance sign, there was no other way but to make larger markings on the trees so that you would clearly see them upon arrival. The paints are ecological and harmless to the trees.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
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GREEN SECTION OF THE LAND ART TRAIL
Your walk along the trail, unlike regular hikes, begins with a gentle by lowering from Poklon to the Sapaćica pasture through a magical forest. On this part of the trail there are seven diverse land art points and one speleological object. The pasture itself is beautiful, especially in spring when many interesting plants bloom there, such as mountain aspens, primroses, gentians, daffodils, roses and peonies.
1. Golden Footmarks & Sphere ▮
This work is located on a rocky ridge and consists of golden footprints leading towards a “levitating” sphere. It symbolizes the starting point and man's first step on the path of conscious connection with nature. The footprints and the Sphere also contain deeper esoteric elements.
👣 0,5 km
⬅️ entrance 1: 0,5 km | next: 0,4 km ➡️
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This place with composite land art is located in the shade of forest trees on a peak raised between three gullies, i.e. sinkholes. This peak was named Grassy Top when the trail was created. However, over the years, the grass has receded, so the name has lost its meaning. The peak can be reached by taking a side branch from the main trail.
This point offers you the opportunity for your first deeper contact with nature and feeling her energy. Golden footprints on a limestone slab within a stone circle at the top of the peak invite you to you take off your shoes and stand on themThen calm down and be quiet, listen to the nature around you and feel yourself in that nature.
Sphere and bubbles of energy
Your gaze will then spontaneously be drawn to the “floating” sphere/ball. It is a spherical land art construction placed between two trees on a small ridge connecting two neighboring sinkholes. The sphere serves to focusing your attention to help you enter a meditative state of deep relaxation.
This sphere symbolizes the so-called bubbles of energy which float freely through the forest, generated by the earth and nature. The stone circle around the footprints also symbolizes these bubbles of energy, i.e. their intersections with the ground surface as they emerge from the earth into the forest space.
Stone slab with footprints
In the middle of the stone circle is a limestone slab. On it are painted footprints in gold within a circular red area with a diameter of about 42 cm, bordered by a gold line. In the center of the circle, a labyrinth is painted in thin silver lines. From it, forming a regular rhythm, slightly thicker wavy lines branch out on eight sides, which further branch into thinner lines along the circumference of the circle, creating a representation of roots.
The first point of the Land Art Trail can be your dedication.
Since this is the first point you encounter on your walk along the Land art trail, the author wanted the purpose of this place to be a preparation for your further experiences of nature and art on the trail. It is a kind of initiation through the metaphorical earthing i connecting with the energy of the earth.
In various authors of esoteric psychology, it is connected with the first root chakra* and in red. That is why the footprint is on a red surface that corresponds to the first chakra and evokes the impression of strength and warmth coming from the earth.
* Chakra means wheel or circle in Sanskrit. The seven main chakras represent “energy centers” in the human body according to the teachings of some Eastern cultures, primarily Hinduism and the spiritual systems of yoga, as well as various systems of New Age spirituality in the West.
Grounding metaphor
The metaphor of grounding is emphasized with a drawing of the root and the symbolism of the number eight (The number eight here denotes the eight geographical directions.) The color gold symbolized the perfection of the soul among ancient alchemists. The combination of this color with red evokes the message of the inextricable connection of spirit and matter, which complement each other.
Sve metallic colors that appear on the works on the Land art trail (gold, silver, copper) bear the symbolism of connection with the earth, because metals are extracted from the earth.
Symbolism of the circle
The circle is symbol of protection and creates a sense of protection and completeness. Entering the circle of stones and standing on the footprints that are on another, inner circular surface, emphasizes your conscious intention to surrender to nature, to release your stress and burdens of everyday life, and to absorb as much good and supportive energy as possible through the feet with which you walk on this Earth.
Dimensions of the new 2025 version
Stone circle: ∅ ≈ 200 cm
Painted circle: ∅ = 42 cm
Sphere: ∅ = 50 cm
A little tip for browsing galleries: Every picture has its own story. To learn more, click on the photo to enlarge, then click on the icon "I" in the bottom corner.
“I love to stand within the stone circle on these steps, feel the gentle flow of energy that gently carries my body, and observe the Sphere. It reminds me of the importance of presence. For me, this is a place where the rush stops and a true encounter with the mountain and its energy begins.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Hanging Mandala on a grassy top (former land art)
This section of the guide preserves the memory of the original work, which was replaced by the Sphere in 2025. A mandala with a labyrinth motif, strung between two trees, served as a visual focus for achieving inner peace before further exploration of the trail.
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The Hanging Mandala is the original form of land art at this point, which was previously called simply Grassy Top. The mandala gradually deteriorated over the years due to the effects of weather and was replaced by a floating ball in 2025. Grassy Top lost its dense autumn sedge grass, and thus lost the meaning of its name. We retain the description of the mandala here for remembrance.
When the person took off their shoes and stood on the footprints, their gaze was drawn to the Hanging Mandala. It was a structure 150 cm in diameter, strung between two trees on a small ridge connecting two neighboring sinkholes, approximately 20 meters away from the footprints.
Hanging Mandala appearance
The mandala was made of an acacia slab on which the same labyrinth motif as in the center of the limestone slab on the top was painted in white on a red background. Eight branches spread out from the center and lianas twisted spirally over them, forming a circle around the perimeter.
The mandala simultaneously gave the impression of stability due to its central radial symmetry and circular format, and the impression of pulsating, rhythmic movement due to the spiral twisting of the vine from the center to the periphery (or vice versa). In the mandala, the connection with the earth and the symbolism of the earth was emphasized by a single stone that was hung below the mandala and pulled gravitationally towards the ground.
The meaning of the Hanging Mandala
While standing in the stone circle on the footprints, the visitor's gaze was spontaneously drawn to the Hanging Mandala. It was not visible at first, but only when he stood in the circle. The mandala served as focusing his attention in order to more easily enter a meditative state of relaxation and thus prepare to discover the secrets of this gallery in nature and the intuitive messages that each work of land art exudes.
In the middle of the mandala was a labyrinth, also painted on a red background that stood out in contrast to the white “path” of the labyrinth. It somewhat resembled a target for shooting. This carried the symbolism of consciously directing attention, thinking and feeling about the works of land art and the natural environment, in order to “hit the essence” of the entire project, just as we would like to hit the center of a target with an arrow.
Some more associations of the Hanging Mandala
The entire mandala was reminiscent of a spider's web, as a symbol of weaving, radiating expansion, the unification of different elements and their connection to the center of being, which is reached by collecting and condensing experiences, on a metaphorical level. a spiritual journey through the twists and turns of the spiral and the circles of the labyrinth.
For some visitors, this mandala also reminded them of Indian “dream catchers” (dream catchers). However, the author's intention here was not related to this symbolism.
Dimensions of the original 2016 version
Stone circle: ∅ = 140 cm
Painted circle: ∅ = 38 cm
Mandala: ∅ = 150 cm
“Although nature has taken over the materials of this mandala over time, I decided to keep it in the guide as a tribute to beginnings. It always reminds me that change is the only constant, both in nature and in art.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
An explanation of the archetypal symbols that appear on the Land Art Trail
The works on the path use the universal language of symbols such as the spiral, labyrinth, and circle, which have historically served to connect humans with the invisible forces of nature. These archetypes facilitate the transition from everyday contemplation to a state of deep presence and meditation.
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Already at this first point of land art, archetypal symbols of the circle, spiral, labyrinth, center and number eight appear. They are repeated at some other points of land art on this path. They all carry their own metaphysical, esoteric and psychological meaning which the visitor does not necessarily have to feel, notice or understand. These are archetypal symbols common to all people on Earth. They originate from ancient times and are woven into our subconscious. The author also used them more intuitively than guided by a clear mental idea.
Circle
The circle is one of the fundamental archetypal symbols. It symbolizes the sky, the spiritual and invisible world. The circle and the ring signify potential and possibility, the seed or womb from which everything new is born. They also represent mystery, they are a symbol of eternity, infinity, boundlessness, cyclicity and evolution. Every circular shape is a potential magical symbol. It is often worn as an amulet for good luck and protection, because within a circle we feel protected.
Center
The emphasized center of the circle, but also of the spiral or the composition of the work in general, signifies focus, stability, centeredness, concentration, source and connection with the spiritual source.
Spiral
The spiral is one of the most ancient symbols that has accompanied man since cave times. We find it in nature at every step. It is at the basis of all life processes, which is best illustrated by the fact that DNA also has a spiral shape. The spiral is a symbol of eternity, immortality, evolution, development, progress, the mystery of life and death. The spiral signifies the movement of energy towards or from the center, expansion or contraction, opening or closing, manifestation outward or focusing inward.
Labyrinth
Labyrinths are complex forms of paths that lead to the center and back (eng. labyrinth) or branching networks that require resourcefulness and orientation to find a way out (eng. maze). Walking the winding paths of the labyrinth towards its center represents a search for answers and a journey into the inner world, into the center of the soul. Arriving at the center of the labyrinth symbolizes contact with the divine and with one's inner self and gaining knowledge or insight. This is followed by returning from the labyrinth to the outer world with the purpose of realizing the insights gained. See how it is performed labyrinth meditation.
Number eight
The number eight symbolizes abundance, wealth, progress, success, and work (qualities associated with the element of earth). It also signifies courage, boldness, and justice. It represents intention, possibility, expansion, and expression. It symbolizes fluidity, continuity, repeating cycles, growth with each new cycle, and the recycling flow of energy. Finally, it represents cosmic balance, time, and the sign of infinity.
“I see these symbols as bridges between different worlds and levels of consciousness. As I shape them in stone or paint, I strive to open up a space for each visitor to more easily feel the energy that radiates from Učka through these ancient forms.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
2. Fairy Gathering ▮
Fairy's Nest is a composition of painted rocks set in a peaceful, forested area that exudes a mystical atmosphere. Inspired by local lore about fairies gathering in hidden places on the mountain, this work invites the visitor to silence and respect for the invisible world of nature.
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On a small hill, a spring emerges from the autumn sedge grass. seven stones which nature has placed in a circle. According to legend, forest fairies gather in such places.
Myths about fairies are part of the folklore of many European nations, and are particularly represented in Celtic and Slavic mythology. Fairies are believed to live in special places, underground or near caves and springs. In Slavic mythology, fairies are supernatural female beings who live in the mountains and dance the fairy dance by the lake. Local legends of Istria and Kvarner tell of "Učkarica fairies" which once appeared to mountain shepherds, helping the inhabitants of Učka in trouble.
Local folklore about fairies
“These younger people” – said a certain shepherd Matijola – "They say that there are no fairies? Maybe not even now, but there used to be. They are still in Učka, still, and in all Lisina. Do not abandon the fairy Uškarica to its end, no! They don't say anything. I, the shepherds, don't grow old. The younger ones are abandoning the former inhabitants. The fairy Uškarica never showed themselves to anyone, let alone anyone. Eh, how many times have we seen them and heard the cantata I, Jože Leprinčan, Zvane Zalukar, and Tone Puž!
Now they are hiding and they don't see today's young people and say that we are old bastards. The devil would scald the sheep in today's lunatic people! That's why the good Učka fairies hid themselves, but they didn't show themselves. If you still need to invite them, it will be of no use! Our native fairies, the Učka fairies, did not go around the armies when the people were fighting. They guarded and helped us in our needs in Uška, Lisine, Planike, Orljače and on all the hills where our sheperds, palers and other mountaineers keep from Uškun."
Enter the fairy realm
Enter the circle and choose the one that most appeals to you from the seven symbols painted on the stones. Sit by that stone and enjoy the shade of this magical place. The symbols represent seven letters of the word "nature" written in cursive Glagolitic script.
Embrace the beech tree that grows from a large stone and towers over the stone circle like a sentinel. Listen and observe in silence... maybe you'll get lucky and see the forest fairies!
Diameter of the stone circle: ∅ ≈ 5 m
Dimensions of painted surfaces: ∅ ≈ 25 cm
Year of creation: 2016
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“Whenever I stay in this place, I feel a special, playful energy that immediately relaxes me. By painting these motifs, I tried to visually express the magic that I felt when I first found this place and that I feel every time I turn off the main road into this hidden corner of the forest.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Explanation of the colors and symbols of Fairy Gathering
In this secluded forest spot, about a hundred meters from the main trail, the author wanted to make only minimal interventions in order to preserve the natural appearance as much as possible, while still emphasizing the fairy-tale nature of the place and the story of the fairies from Učka through an artistic touch.
Seven colors in Fairy Gathering
On seven surrounding stones that form a circle with a diameter of about 5 m, he painted somewhat circular surfaces with a diameter of about 25 cm. He used the primary colors red, blue and yellow and the colors created by mixing the primary colors, namely purple, orange and green.
Just as Isaac Newton, by refracting sunlight through a prism, saw a spectrum and named seven primary colors so that they corresponded to the tones of the musical scale (but also for esoteric reasons, due to the symbolism of the number seven), so too the author here, in addition to the six primary colors, added another shade of blue to complete this circle of seven colors. These are the dominant colors on the circular surfaces of each surrounding stone. But he also painted them with other colors according to some inner feeling, in order to achieve the impression of playfulness of this composition.
His intention was to the visitor enters a circle surrounded by seven stones and experiences with his senses the play of colors and rhythms of nature, which evoke memories of fairy characters from Old Slavic legends.
Seven letters of the Glagolitic alphabet
On each of the surrounding stones, in the center of the painted circular surface, there is a single letter in cursive Glagolitic script*, written in silver. Together, these letters form the word “nature”.
The number seven symbolizes seven letters of the word "nature" in Croatian. It also symbolizes the seven days of the week, the seven primary colors of the rainbow, seven tones, seven energy centers (chakras), etc. Seven also represents wisdom, structure, revelation, perfection, a completed and complete cycle, esoteric, mysteries, magic, awareness, activation of the imagination, etc.
* Glagolitic script is an Old Church Slavonic script that originated in the mid-9th century. There are several types of Glagolitic script that have developed over time: round, triangular and angular. Cursive Glagolitic is a written variant more suitable for writing with a pen, rather than for engraving in stone like the three types mentioned above. Angular and cursive Glagolitic remained in Croatian regions until the 19th century, especially in Istria and Kvarner, the area where this Land Art Trail is located.
The central stone in the Fairy Gathering
The central stone in the composition of the Fairy's Seat is golden-yellow in color with a silver spiral in the middle and seven black dots with a gold dot in the middle. These dots represent the seven surrounding stones. Thus, this painted stone is actually a miniature representation of the larger composition that surrounds it.
The golden-yellow color symbolically represents sunlight that is broken down into seven primary colorsIn reality, white light is decomposed, but in mythology and folklore, the color of the sun is depicted as gold. The silver color of the spiral and letters is an allusion to the color of the Moon and the nocturnal life of fairies dancing in the moonlight.
Spiral in the center
The spiral in the center has a function again concentrating energy at one point or spreading energy (light) from one point outwards, from the source of light, i.e. the Sun represented by the central golden-yellow stone, to the surrounding stones, each bearing its own separate color of the spectrum.
On the central stone are also author's initials in cursive Glagolitic script, “BP”They can easily represent the words “nature's wealth”, “nature's blessing”, “be nature(n)”, etc.
A palm tree right next to the Fairy Gathering
A large beech tree grows from one of the side stones. It is located exactly on the line formed by the center of the circle and the first peripheral stone with the first letter of the word "nature". Two silver palms with golden labyrinths and a golden aura are painted on the tree. This is again a play of colors that symbolize the Sun and the Moon and contact with the fairy world over the silvery moonlight.
The palms invite visitors to experience the tree directly, to touch it or even hugged.
The importance of the tree
The tree represents in many mythologies the connection between heaven and earth because of its roots that grow deep into the earth and its crown that grows towards the sky. For many ancient peoples, including the Slavs, the tree was a sacred symbol of life (“World Tree"). They obtained material from it for firewood, for making dwellings and tools. They harvested its various fruits for food and for medicinal preparations, etc.
The human palm on the bark of a tree thus symbolizes the unbreakable connection with nature, with the help of which this civilization was built. Today, many people have forgotten their true roots and therefore need a new “return to nature”. This is also possible through the art of land art, which has a kind of emancipatory role for both the artist and nature, because it leaves galleries, museums and the capitalist art market, wanting to reaffirm some primordial, elementary values.
3. Love Rock ▮
This piece focuses on the symbolism of the heart and emotional connection, highlighting love as a universal force that connects all living things. The work is set in a secluded, peaceful space that invites a moment of tenderness, gratitude, and compassion for oneself and one's surroundings.
👣 1,3 km
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A heart-shaped rock, made up of two stones leaning against each other, symbolizes love, partnership and mutual supportThe deeper message of the painted rock speaks of love and unity between man and nature.
If you visit this place with your partner, touch the rocks together or lean against them and soak up the atmosphere of this place.
If you are single you can still enjoy this place. If you make a wish to find the love of your life, maybe nature will make your wish come true in some mysterious way...
Meadow with a pond
The nearby meadow with a heart-shaped puddle is a nice place to romantic picnicsIt can become a gathering place, not only for wild animals such as roe deer, deer, wild boars, foxes, wolves, bears, lynxes and others that come to the watering hole and graze, but also a place of human refreshment.
Ponds played an important role in the past as watering places for livestock. Today, they are left to deteriorate as fewer and fewer people are engaged in livestock farming. Ponds and their maintenance are important for the preservation of biodiversity, as they are associated with a rich world of aquatic and wetland plants and aquatic invertebrates.
Dimensions of the rock: 150 x 200 cm
Dimensions of the painted surface: 110 x 170 cm
Year of creation: 2016
“For me, this stone is a reminder that every action we take in nature is actually an act of love and respect. I often feel a deep peace here, as if the mountain itself is returning the warmth that we have woven into it through this work.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Special position of the Love Rock
The love stone is extremely photogenic rock painted in the shape of a heart. The rock itself is made up of two almost mirror-symmetrical stones that lean against each other. Even before it was painted, it resembled a heart and was associated with a couple, i.e. two in a partnership.
It is located on the very edge of a plateau, and behind the rock is a steep slope. It is tucked into the forest about a hundred meters from the main trail. The plateau itself is covered in thick green grass, autumn sedge. Because of this, this spot in itself gives off an impression of mysticism, fairy-taleness and a very pleasant energy.
The meaning of the Love Rock
The romantic atmosphere is also enhanced by the fact that throughout the year flowering plants grow in rows which are not normally found in such abundance on other parts of the trail (lilies, irises, cyclamens, catkins, etc.). It is not surprising that love as a theme imposed itself here.
This rock painting symbolizes love, partnership and mutual support. The deeper message of the painted rock speaks about love and unity between man and nature.
The rhythm and contrast of bright colors
The bright colors were applied in such a way that they follow the structure and cracks of the rock and with their surfaces they form a stylized heart shape measuring 110 x 170 cm across two stones. The author wanted to use vivid and bright colors as a symbol of all possible feelings that arise in love situationsHe wanted to emphasize the diversity of human experiences and the vitality that love awakens in all of us.
Both halves of the rock contain both warm and cool colors. The adjacent surfaces are in some mutual contrast (warm-cold or according to complementary pairs) which creates a rhythmicity of the painted surfaces. The edge surfaces on both sides of the heart are painted with two shades of green as a symbol of the connection with nature. In this way, the painting symbolically expands into the greenery of the surrounding forest.
The “masculine” and “feminine” sides of the Love Rock
The left rock is more of a “masculine” side, and the right is more of a “feminine” side. The “masculine” side is slightly more dominated by cooler colors (blue and purple). The “feminine” side is dominated by warmer colors (red, pink, and yellow). However, the overall composition appears harmonious.
On the right side, the red area "pops out" a bit compared to the other areas because red is traditionally the color of the heart and love. It is more associated with the feminine aspect of human beings.
Palm prints on the Love Rock
The motif of a golden palm with a labyrinth is repeated in the heart. Here too, it invites one to touch the rock and feel its rough texture, the solidity and the coolness of the stone surface under one's fingers. There are two palm prints, one on each half of the rock.
The guiding idea is that when a couple reaches a rock, so that they both touch the Love Stone. Each person on their own half of the rock places one hand on the palm print. With their free hands, the couple touches each other so that they place palms against palms. Then they kiss.
The palm on the “male” side happened to be on a light blue surface, and on the “female” side on a pink surface. The author was not guided by the stereotypes that blue is for boys and pink is for girls. Here Everyone can join the love game., straight i gay couples, both young and old, brothers and sisters, parents and children, friends... And everyone can freely change "roles" on the "male" and "female" rock. The point is pure love, love for each other and love for nature.
Two megaliths
With this work the author also referred to the "megalithic culture", which is marked by the placement of megaliths or the construction of megalithic structures. These large stone blocks were used by people around the world at various times, most often in the Neolithic period. However, there are also older examples from the Mesolithic period, as well as later from the Copper and Bronze Ages. They can be found at the sites of ancient cults, such as the cult of fertility*.
* Fertility cult It consists of a series of beliefs accompanied by ritual practices aimed at maintaining balance in nature and preserving the fertility of humans, plants and animals. Customs that seek to ensure human fertility accompany human life from conception, birth, through adulthood to death. SThey are a part of wedding and funeral customs. There are numerous customs and rituals related to encouraging fertility in an economic sense (e.g. those for causing rain, for a rich harvest or for gaining the favor of the forces that influence fertility).
These two megaliths were not placed at this location by human hands, but are the product of natural forces. The author's role as an artist was to notice them in the first place, to notice their beauty and special position in the landscape. Then to artistically shape them to give them a new purpose.
Pond
Nature itself provided the material for the artist's work and the scenic framework in which he fitted it, not only in this place, but it also applied to most of the other works on this trail. Additional inspiration for Love Stone was also provided by the nearby meadow with a heart-shaped puddle, which is located along the main path. This meadow, with a bench next to a pond, is a nice place for romantic encounters and refreshments.
However, wild animals such as roe deer, deer, wild boars, foxes, wolves, bears, lynxes and others also gather here, coming to the watering hole or to graze. In the past, ponds played an important role as watering holes for livestock. Today, they are left to deteriorate, as fewer and fewer people are engaged in livestock farming. Ponds and their maintenance are important for the preservation of biodiversity, as they are associated with a rich world of aquatic and marsh plants and aquatic invertebrates.
That is why the painting on the Love Rock, which rises from the ground like an ancient altar, calls for the re-establishment of coexistence and togetherness, through the metaphorical "magic of love", where people, plants, animals and their environment weave a strong network of interdependence, cooperation and respect for diversity.
4. Stone Mound ▮
This point builds on the tradition of dry-stone construction and karst customs of stacking stones. The work emphasizes stability, grounding, and respect for the solid material that makes up the very backbone of the mountain. It also serves as a signpost.
👣 1,6 km
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A hemispherical stone pile with a painted top stone and two arms directs hikers to the right path. This is primarily a signpost. The noticeable construction of the land art made of stones and the top stone painted in bright colors, which makes it stand out from the natural environment, serve to attract the attention of visitors here so that they stay on the right path, because at this point the wide macadam road continues in one direction, and the Land Art Trail turns onto a narrow path into the forest.
The repetition of simple patterns and bright colors on the capstone is reminiscent of drawings and painted objects in the so-called primitive arts.
Connection with others throughout history
They are crowds. throughout history they were signposts, graves or boundaries, but our crowd on Sapaćica carries a different, deeply human message:
Strength in numbers: Each stone in this pile represents a moment, a thought, or a person who has walked this path. It is a symbol of collective effort – for although one stone may seem small on its own, together with others it forms an indestructible structure.
Bridge through time: Standing before it, we connect with ancient shepherds and travelers who similarly marked their paths. It is a point where past and present meet in the absolute silence of the mountain.
Larch
On the grassy slope opposite the Stone Pile, there are several beautiful larch trees. This is the only location with larches on the Land Art Trail. Larch is one of the few conifers that sheds its needles in winterIn early spring, the female cone-shaped flowers attract with their reddish color.
Height and diameter of the pile: h = 90 cm, ∅ = 160 cm
Arm length: d = 130 cm
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
“Placing stone upon stone is a deeply meditative process for me, where each piece seeks its perfect place. As I worked on this pile, I felt as if I was connecting with ancestors who have survived for centuries in this beautiful but harsh karst.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Pit Cave Jama za greben ▮
👣 1,85 km
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The pit cave Jama za greben is an interesting speleological object, 111 m deep and 35 m long. The vertical entrance is 17×6 m wide.
You can reach the cave by taking a short, unmarked 150m branch that turns left into the forest just before the Palmprints point. See the image with directions below in the gallery or download GPX track of the Land Art Trail and open it in a completely free application Organic Maps (which has excellent offline maps for when you find yourself on a mountain without signal).
Approach the pit at your own risk. because the opening is not secured (there is no fence).
“For me, the caves on Učka are like the eyes of a mountain through which you can look deep into its soul. I am always fascinated by the mysterious silence that comes from within as I stand on the very edge and listen to the rhythms of the earth.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
5. Palm Prints ▮
These stylized handprints on the rock invite the visitor to have direct physical contact with the mountain. The work symbolizes the presence of man in nature and the importance of conscious contact as a way of communicating with the environment that surrounds us.
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This land art (actually rock art) sends a message about positive impact of humans on natureThe handprints on the rock indicate the work of human hands, which have left a positive impact on the diversity (biodiversity) of the natural world.
Pastures and grasslands are human creations
The Sapaćica pasture, like other pastures on Učka, did not arise naturally, but rather through thousands of years of human activity, deforestation and sheep grazing. Over time, it has stabilized a new ecosystem with meadow plants and animalsDue to their distinctive and rich flora and fauna, grasslands represent a significant reservoir of biodiversity.
Today, this ecosystem is threatened by the emigration of people from Učka and the abandonment of traditional activities. Unfortunately, the meadows are being used less and less for grazing and haymaking, and are gradually being overgrown with forest, and numerous meadow species are threatened with extinction.
Why palm prints?
This work is located on an elongated stone outcrop, where the path from the forest emerges into the open space of a mountain pasture. Randomly scattered palm prints of different colors, on a white painted stone surface, symbolize biodiversity which is a direct consequence of human activity. In this case, man has left a positive impact on the natural world.
The playfulness and colorfulness of the composition represents the diversity of wildlife in these pastures. Some of the palm prints are in black, as a symbol of apparent destruction (deforestation), but the composition is still dominated by bright colors. Although the prints appear to be randomly scattered, a closer look at individual segments of this painting reveals order and a certain rhythm, as well as contrasts of warm and cold colors or complementary contrasts.
Echoes of ancient times
Here the author directly also refers to the palm prints of Aboriginals, Paleo-Indians and other tribal peoples, which they left on cave walls and rocks. Palm prints were created by pressing earthen pigments (positive) or blowing pigments around the palm (negative). This practice appeared as early as the Paleolithic, and the desire to leave one's mark has continued throughout history until today.
The artist used modern materials to create the prints at this location – industrially produced ecological paint. But the inner impulse remained the same as that of people tens of thousands of years ago – to leave their mark.
No artist's imprint
Interestingly, there is actually no artist's footprint at this point! The footprints were left by volunteers of the Učka Nature Park during the creation of the work in 2016 and by his friends during the restoration in 2025. The author only directed them where to leave the footprint and how to orient it.
How universal this desire is is shown by the fact that this spot encourages visitors, especially children, to run to place their palms on one of the prints. Perhaps this is echo of those bygone times while as a species we lived in caves, and somewhere in our genes or subconscious we have a vague memory of leaving footprints in caves!?
Dimensions of the painted part of the rock: 2,2 x 8,5 m
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
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“When I place my palm on the rock, I feel the boundary between me and the mountain slowly blur. It is a moment of simple energy exchange that always reminds me that we are an inseparable part of the whole.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
6. Sheep Geoglyphs ▮
These geoglyphs on the grassy slope are dedicated to the millennial tradition of sheep farming on the pastures of Učka and Ćićarija. Stone figures of sheep in supernatural size revive the memory of the pastoral way of life and the importance of the coexistence of man and cattle in this region.
👣 2,2 km
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The sheep geoglyphs symbolically return the flocks to these pastures. They depict an Istrian indigenous species, Pramenka sheep, on pastures that were used for grazing in the past.
The area of origin and breeding of the Istrian Pramenka sheep is our largest peninsula, Istria, after which this breed was named. It is the most milky Croatian native breed of sheep. The sheep are mostly spotted or black and white, less often completely black, while there are a few completely white individuals. Since the milk contains an average of 7% milk fat, it is mostly processed into traditional semi-hard, full-fat sheep's cheese and curd.
Pattern in petroglyphs
These geoglyphs were modeled after the petroglyphs of the Paleoindians, which can be found in large numbers today in the deserts and steppes of the Wild West. Hence stylization of the figure, relatively rectangular body shape and patterns inside the body (wavy stripes in sheep, dots in ram).
Spiral in place of ram's horns it repeats the spiral motif that is also present in some other works on the Land art trail, and is encountered in numerous forms in nature and within the symbolism of ancient cultures.
Ram and ewe
Originally, only two geoglyphs were made – sheep geoglyph and ram geoglyph, which represent a pair. They thus symbolize the potential to "be fruitful and multiply" and repopulate these pastures. In 2025, a third geoglyph was added – lamb geoglyph.
The body of the ewe and ram is almost rectangular in shape with side proportions of 1:2. The body of the ram has smaller stones evenly distributed, forming a regular grid, symbolizing the black spots that are characteristic of the Pramenka sheep. The body of the ewe, on the other hand, has four wavy petroform lines, evenly distributed, which allude to the curliness of the wool.
The geoglyphs can be seen from a distance, but only from one direction of the trail, as they are located on the southeastern slope of a sinkhole.
Ram: 7,5 x 7,6 m
Ewe: 5,9 x 6,8 m
Lamb: 2,8 x 3,4 m
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
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“As I laid these stones, I thought about the silence and peace that shepherds have found here for centuries. Watching these stone shapes “graze” in the sun, I feel a deep gratitude for the tradition that has shaped this landscape.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
7. Red Tree ▮
The Red Tree is a dried tree that the author transformed into a sculpture in space using ecological paint. The work points to human destruction of nature, but also emphasizes the cyclical nature of life and symbolizes the vital energy that permeates nature even in the processes of decay.
👣 2,4 km
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The message of this land art is about negative impact of humans on nature. Gas pipeline, power line, transmitters, radar, roads, Učka tunnel – all of these are human products that protrude unnaturally in the middle of the mountain beauty. So is this red tree, which is located on a hill in the middle of the Sapaćica pasture between the gas pipeline and power line routes, unnaturally dominates the landscape, conveying a message about man's desecration and destruction of nature.
However, that attracts attention in a positive way – attracts visitors and invites them to sit on a bench next to a tree and enjoy the views of Učka and the hills of Ćićarija.
Site-specific art
This is straight site specific art! Unlike other land art works on the trail, which could equally convey their artistic and ecological story in other places, The red tree is firmly tied to this location.. It is located on a hill in the middle of the Sapaćica pastures, right between the routes of gas pipelines and transmission lines that spoil the natural views of this area.
On Učka and Ćićarija, there are other human products that protrude unnaturally in the middle of the mountain beauty. A large transmitter and radar on the highest peak, Vojak, and smaller transmitters on other peaks can be seen from this location. Noise from nearby roads occasionally reaches the Land Art Trail. The Učka tunnel passes directly under the trail route.
The message of the Red Tree, unlike the previous two points, is the negative impact of man on nature, because with its intense red color it unnaturally dominates the landscape, just like power line poles or gas pipeline routes with vents.
The tree is visible from a distance from all sides and can be seen from any direction along the trail. Therefore, nowhere else on the Land Art Trail route could this tree tell its story as well as here.
The experience of a land art work is never the same.
Land art usually changes depending on the angle of observation, the context (i.e. what is in the background of the land art), the distance from which it is observed, the time of day and lighting, the weather conditions, and the season. All of this affects the experience of the work, not only of this tree, but of all works in nature.
The Red Tree is very brightly lit in the afternoon, almost as if it is burning red against the green background of the surrounding hills. However, this impression is only obtained if viewed from one specific point on the trail. In the morning, the intensity of the color is more gentle, and it is noticeable from a completely different place.
The contrast of red against the green background of the forest will not be visible in autumn, when the forest turns brown or grey. In winter, when the snow falls, the impression will be different again, because the contrast will no longer be red-green, but red-white.
The Red Tree is perceived differently if viewed from a distance or if a person approaches it, and the experience changes completely if a person enters its branches and observes the environment “from” the tree. It is also not the same whether the tree is viewed with Učka in the background or with power line poles visible behind the tree.
Version 1.0
Height and width of the original tree: 5,5 x 4,0 m
Year of creation: 2016
Version 2.0
Height of the felled tree: 3,0 m
Year of creation: 2025
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“As I painted this tree, I felt a deep respect for its history and the strength it still radiates, even though it was dead. This is, for me, the place where you can best see how art can breathe new meaning into what seems to be disappearing, and turn a negative into a positive.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
RED SECTION OF THE LAND ART TRAIL
This part of the trail takes you uphill to several stone structures, some of which are decorated with paint. You will find yourself at the edge of a cliff overlooking Istria and will have the opportunity to walk through two pieces of land art – a labyrinth and a geoglyph in the immediate vicinity of the cliffs and viewpoints.
8. Stone Teeth ▮
The sharp limestone outcrops on this section of the trail are highlighted with color to emphasize their resemblance to teeth emerging from the ground. The work draws attention to the dramatic geological structure of the karst and the power of natural forces that shape the mountain, as well as its connection to Slavic myths.
👣 2,8 km
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The bare rock surface stands out like a stain against the surrounding grass, and many stone teeth, painted gold, protrude into the air.
Stone teeth send a message that longevity nature can certainly "bare its teeth""if a person is careless and overdoes it with its destruction."
21 teeth: h ≈ 20-50 cm
Surface area with teeth: 4,5 x 5,0 m
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
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“Here I always feel the raw energy of the earth that seems to want to speak through this stone. As I worked on the “teeth”, I felt a sense of awe at the persistence of the karst and its raw beauty.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Twenty-one stone teeth
These protruding stones are connected to the underlying bedrock. The author selected 2025 stones when restoring the installation in 21 (the original version from 2016 had 23 stones). The stones are between 20 and 50 cm high. They are painted gold to stand out against the pale gray stones and shine with a metallic sheen in the sunlight.
The numbers 21 and 23 have no special symbolism here.The author selected the stones that were most prominent and that fit into the composition, forming a certain order, creating rhythm and mutual harmony.
The area occupied by the "golden teeth" measures 4,5 x 5,0 m, while the bare rocky surface is several times larger.
Get between the teeth
The stone teeth are a few meters away from the main path that climbs the hill in this part, so when climbing towards this point, the colored spikes are indeed the first thing you notice. Only when the visitor gets really close to the location does he notice the entire composition. He can even enter between the “teeth” or observe them from the back. With each move, the composition changes slightly.
Perun and Veles
Stone teeth call to mind and ancient myths about the two great gods of the Slavic pantheon, Perun and Veles. The two were opposites of each other. Perun is the celestial god of thunder and lightning, fiery and dry, who rules over the world from the highest branches of the Holy Tree. On the other hand, Veles is the underground king associated with water, earth and moisture, who rules the realm of the dead from the roots of the Holy Tree. The cosmic battle between the two took place in cycles. Perun attacked his enemy Veles, who often transformed into various animals, resembling a snake or a dragon, with lightning and thunder from the heavens.
In the end, Perun managed to defeat Veles – he drove him into his watery underworld. The supreme god then re-established order in the world that had previously been disrupted by his underground enemy. The myth was cyclical and repeated every year. (The Slavs used this to explain the changing seasons in nature.) Veles' death was never permanent, as he would be reborn as a snake that sheds its old skin and emerges in a new body.
These very Stone Teeth they are associated with the underground Veles, which is transformed in the earth, as the dark principle of nature, in opposition, but also in balance with the light principle of Perun.
Snakes
When you reach these Stone Teeth, you can think about everything in nature. seemingly threatening, inexplicable, unknownFor some, these may literally be snakes that people are usually afraid of and that, hidden in the grass, can "show their teeth" when frightened by careless hikers. However, snakes are also necessary in nature for ecological balance, as they prevent excessive reproduction of rodents.
In addition, the snake has very deep esoteric and psychological symbolism, which we have written about in articles about snake powers i connection between snakes and earth.
9. Triangle & Glagolitic Rock ▮
This point connects the geometric purity of the triangle with the Glagolitic script, paying homage to the cultural history of these regions. The combination of symbols on the rock creates a space for reflection on the connection between spiritual heritage and the nature that surrounds us.
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The stone triangle, with its peaks, directs hikers towards the Sapaćica and Poklon pastures (Entrance 1), towards Stražica (Entrance 2), and towards the rest area on Little Viewpoint where the Glagolitic Rock is located.
If you look closely, you will notice on the triangle itself, as well as on the surrounding scattered stones spiral fossils of planktonic foraminifera. It is a type of marine protozoan that has a calcareous shell. The shells of dead foraminifera accumulate on the ocean floor, creating thick deposits of limestone. These are later raised from the sea by tectonic processes and become parts of mountains.
Symbolism of the triangle
An equilateral triangle symbolizes ideal "divine proportions", while man would be represented by a right triangle, which is formed by dividing an equilateral triangle. According to Plato, the right triangle is a symbol of the earth, in which the original balance of the ideal proportions of the equilateral triangle has been lost.
Little Viewpoint with Glagolitic Rock
From the Small Lookout, you can see the Gavranov greben and Istria. Down in Istria, there are the towns of Roč and Hum, and between them runs the Glagolitic Alley, an artistic memorial to the Glagolitic history of these regions. For this reason, on the small rock opposite the bench, it is written in Glagolitic script: a verse from a poem by Boris PecigošShe pays tribute to the mountain in light of its geological history:
"I am the king of the majestic mountain,
of rock emerged from the sea,
Aeons are its days short,
and I, I'm only a small breath.”
– Boris Pecigoš, poem “Kingdom of Mountains” from the collection “Journey” (2011) – download the collection!
Triangle: 245 x 280 cm
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
Glagolitic Rock: 40 x 60 cm
Year of creation: 2016
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“Writing Glagolitic script on a rock was like writing a code into the mountain itself for me. I love watching how these ancient signs blend into the stone, becoming an inseparable part of its texture over time.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
10. Labyrinth ▮
The labyrinth is an archetypal symbol that invites one to journey towards one's own center through conscious and slow movement. Situated on an open plateau, this stone circle serves as a tool for meditation in motion and achieving inner balance.
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A labyrinth-shaped geoglyph guides you to stay on the right path at a sharp turn in the trail. It also points to a branch of the trail that leads to a beautiful Upper Viewpoint. It offers a wide view of Istria from a high cliff, the geomorphological monument of nature, the Vela Dragu canyon, and the main massif of Učka.
What are geoglyphs?
Geoglyphs are a form of land art, motifs "drawn" on the ground, usually made of stones or similar permanent landscape elements, such as gravel, soil, planted plants, hedges, or trees. The term is also used petroform for shapes made only from strung together loose pieces of stone.
What are labyrinths?
Labyrinths are complex forms of paths leading to the center and back (in English) labyrinth) or else branching networks that require resourcefulness and orientation to find a way out (in English) maze). Ancient labyrinths such as the Minoan labyrinths in Crete, Roman labyrinths, and labyrinths in medieval Christian cathedrals are well known.
Even today, in certain circles, they are attributed spiritual meaning. Walking the winding paths of the labyrinths towards their center represents the search for answers and a journey to the center of the soul. Arriving at the center of the labyrinth symbolizes contact with the divine and gaining knowledge or insight. This is followed by returning and realizing the insights gained. Find out how it is performed meditation in the labyrinth.
Labyrinths can be depicted in a drawing or painting, and if they are made in the form of geoglyphs (petroforms), they fall under land art.
Labyrinth diameter (without entrance arms): ∅ = 11 m
Length of input arms: d = 1 m)
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
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“Walking these circles always re-grounds me and brings me back to the present moment. For me, this labyrinth is the heart of the path, a place where thoughts slowly quiet down, and only the calm breath and step remain.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Description of the elements of the Labyrinth on the Land Art Trail
This 11 m diameter geoglyph is in the shape of a labyrinth. It is located in a meadow and directs visitors to stay on the right path where the path makes a sharp turn.
The labyrinth has two entrances/exits and the path passes through the Labyrinth. It is designed so that the path enters the Labyrinth on one side and exits on the other (or vice versa, depending on the direction of the path). This allows the visitor to view this work of art from multiple perspectives. First from the outside as they approach the Labyrinth. Then they enter it, enters the work of art itself and becomes a part of it and looks at it from the inside out.
This labyrinth is the artist's creation from 2011 (read more about the development of this labyrinth). For this location, it has been further expanded and is not exactly the same as the labyrinths painted on the trail log or on palm prints. In this form of the geoglyph, the Labyrinth has another outer ring, i.e. the trail. For the sake of balance, a third entrance has been added, which is actually “blind”, so that all three entrances/exits are at an angle of 120° to each other. This “blind” arm does not have the function of an entrance/exit, but creates a symmetrical balance of the structure. In addition, it leads to the branch of the trail to the Upper Lookout.
The psychological and spiritual meaning of labyrinths
Labyrinths are complex forms of paths that lead to the center and back (in English labyrinth) or branching networks that require resourcefulness and orientation to find a way out (in English maze).
Circling winding paths The labyrinth towards its center represents the search for answers and a journey into the inner world, into the center of the soul. Arrival in the center The labyrinth symbolizes contact with the divine and with one's inner self, and the acquisition of knowledge or insight. This is followed by return from the labyrinth into the outside world with the purpose of realizing the insights gained.
The protective role of labyrinths
In general, labyrinths also have a protective function due to the repeated repetition of their rings (walls). This symbolically represents protection of the sacred secrets that lie at the center labyrinths from those who might abuse them, from uninitiated seekers who have not passed the initiatory ordeals to deserve access to hidden knowledge.
This is noticeable in the visitors who pass through this Labyrinth. Some simply pass through it without paying attention, or even bypass it from the outside. Others enjoy the passage and the intricacy of its form. They come to the central painted stone, which, with its artistic depiction and position in the very center, invites them to touch it. Still others pass through the Labyrinth in a deeper meditative state or barefoot for contact with the earth.
Theseus in the labyrinth
In a psychological sense, labyrinths lead to the center of being, the most hidden part of the human soul in the depths of the unconscious. There they can be hidden inner riches and vital psychic powers, but also our "demons", "monsters".
An example is the mythical Minotaur, half-man, half-bull, which symbolizes repressed destructive instincts, which the hero Theseus had to overcome with the help of a higher consciousness – a guide in form of thread or a ball of wool that Ariadne gave Theseus, so that he would not get lost in the corridors of the labyrinth.
The center stone of the Labyrinth on the Land Art Trail
The central stone of the Labyrinth is partially painted on top. The background is green and blue – it is a symbol of nature (earth) and heaven, a symbol of the external, apparent, material and the internal, invisible, spiritual.
A golden palm is painted on the background, this time without the labyrinth in the middle of the palm, because here an inversion occurs – the palm itself is in the center of the labyrinth. The palm invites contact with the central stone, which in a psychological sense represents a grasping of its essence. The palm symbolizes the active power of human hands in nature, which create abundance for the human community through a fine network of interrelationships. This is represented by the intertwined silver lines that follow the texture of the rock and are therefore broken, wavy or irregular, intersecting each other at various angles and forming the shape of an irregular network.
Upper viewpoint
At this lookout point, which can be reached by a short branch from the Labyrinth, from the high cliff there is a wide view of Istria, the geomorphological monument of nature, the Velu Draga Canyon, and the main massif of Učka. The road to the viewpoint did not exist before the opening of the Land art trail. It's a very interesting story how the author discovered this viewpoint.
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11. Stone Playground ▮
The Stone Playground is an interactive zone that encourages visitors to freely arrange stones and express themselves creatively in the moment. The work celebrates the joy of creation and reminds us that we are all co-creators in the constant process of changing nature.
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This interactive point invites you to get involved in land art yourself. Given the abundant source of crushed stone over an area of about 150 m2, the author wanted to encourage you to play around with building land art yourself – column, pile, pyramid, circle, spiral or any other shape you wantIt's a great way to spark your own creativity.
Land art happening on the Land Art Trail
Happening is a form of action art that originated in the 20s. In happening the act of creation itself becomes as important as the work created. The artist can also involve the audience in his creative process in group interaction. At this point you can join a kind land art happening in the open.
By searching, taking and arranging stones you also have direct tactile contact with nature, which is the main theme of this artistic-ecological project.
Creation after immersion in oneself
The previous point, the Labyrinth, symbolically represents a meditative point for a deeper encounter with your own being and its layers. There you had the opportunity to reach deeper into yourself and bring something important to the surface.
Exiting the labyrinth, you reach this point, which represents a place for rest and spontaneous creationYou can't plan or predict the outcome, you just have to enjoy it through the game. That's the essence of life.
Area ≈150 m²
“I always get excited when I see new stone sculptures left behind by visitors. It reminds me that creativity is our natural state, just as this stone is the natural state of Učka.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
12. Spiral Geoglyph ▮
A spiral geoglyph on the ground symbolizes the constant movement, growth, and expansion of life energy from a single point. This work concludes the Red Section of the Trail, leaving the visitor in a state of openness to new insights that the continuation of the journey brings.
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The spiral geoglyph was made modeled after the cross-section of spiral shells of fossil foraminifera (nummulites). If you look a little harder, you can find them in the nearby scattered stones at this beautiful rocky viewpoint (The Lower Viewpoint) with views of the peak ridge of Učka, the Stražica cliffs, the Vela Draga canyon and Istria.
Učka and Ćićarija are built of limestone rock that was formed by the long-term deposition of limestone skeletons of planktonic organisms in the then Tethys Ocean during the Cretaceous period from 140 million years ago until the middle of the Tertiary, 30 million years agoThe collision of the African and European plates raised the Alps and Dinarides, of which Učka and Ćićarija are an integral part. That is why today, at this place, at an altitude of over 900 m above sea level, we can find the remains of organisms that once lived in the deep sea.
Another labyrinth on the Land Art Trail
This is a spiral that you can walk through to the center and back, as if it were another labyrinth. It symbolizes gradual, cyclical development, just as foraminifera gradually build up their shells and grow from the inside out.
In the center of the Spiral Geoglyph is a stone painted blue, like symbol of the sea in which foraminifera once lived. The golden palm print with a labyrinth in the middle, as in other works, again invites contact.
Spiral geoglyphs throughout history
Spiral geoglyphs are nothing new. They have been appearing for thousands of years, for example, as the tail of the famous ancient monkey geoglyph in the Nazca desert in Peru. There are numerous recent examples among contemporary land artists (the most famous is Spiral Jetty). This is not surprising considering the universality of the spiral symbol, its appearance in nature and its psychological and spiritual meaning. Spiral symbolism is explained under point 1 of the Land art trail.
Diameter of geoglyph: ∅ = 13,5 m
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
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“As I shaped this spiral, inspired by the surrounding fossils, I felt its energy spreading towards the horizon. For me, it is a symbol of hope and the constant cycle of life to which we all inevitably belong.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
PURPLE SECTION OF THE LAND ART TRAIL
This is a section that passes through some of the most fairytale-like areas of the trail due to the dense forest, humidity, and abundance of moss and ferns. Along this part of the trail you will come across a series of rock art works – painted rocks with motifs from nature and deep symbolism.
13. Stone Forest ▮
This point consists of painted stones placed along the path. They were originally placed on the stumps of felled trees (2016). The work symbolizes the soul of the trees and serves as a visual monument to the forest life that once flourished in those places, and which is reborn today.
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Note: This location has become completely overgrown with undergrowth over the years. The stones are still there, but hidden in the bushes. The plan is to remove them and display them along the trail.
After the deforestation in 2015, only sad stumps remain at this place as a reminder of the strong trees that grew here and provided a home for many forest creatures. The land art installations, created and installed in 2016 at this location, are a direct artistic reminder of the damage caused by reckless and excessive tree felling.
The meaning of eight stones
Painted stones representing eight tree stumps have been placed on them. "the soul of the vanished trees", also "seed of new life" emerging from the ruins of human activity. The stones are also shaped like eggs – a fitting symbol of the seeds of new life that will grow here again in the future. The artist wanted to point out the regenerative power of nature and its indestructibility.
Eight stones are carried the symbolism of the number eight, related to the message the author wanted to convey. Eight performancesand the sign of infinity, recycling energy flow, repeating cycles, growth with each new cycle, cosmic balance, expansion, progress, expression, etc.).
Bright colors were used to make the stones stand out in the bare environment and to beautify and aesthetically "elevate" this wasteland with their appearance.
In stone painting the author's friends also participated so the stones also got their names:
Allen I: 38 x 46 x 50 cm
Allen II: 40 x 26 x 15 cm
Boris I: 37 x 64 x 45 cm
Boris II: 58 x 38 x 41 cm
Boris III: 27 x 40 x 29 cm
Kristina: 46 x 52 x 29 cm
Crown: 30 x 30 x 49 cm
Maja: 45 x 39 x 36 cm
Year of creation: 2016
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“With these stones, I wanted to give a voice to the trees that are no longer there and show that their energy still remains a part of the forest. As I touch these stone guardians, I feel a deep gratitude for each life cycle that teaches us respect for nature.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
14. Large Rock Paintings on the Cliff ▮
The impressive works on the high cliffs are made with ecological paints and inspired by prehistoric art and floral motifs. The works are visible from afar and mark the cliff as a natural sanctuary that connects earth and sky.
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A series of large rock paintings (rock art) inspired by forms from nature are located on the elongated vertical wall of the high Stražica cliff. The cliff is about 30 m away from the main trail. All paintings are planned for 2026, and only one has been completed so far (in 2016). The paintings can be seen from the main trail, but you can get closer to them by taking a short branch of the trail, touch them and enjoy them under the Stražica cliff itself.
These are the largest homogeneous rock paintings on the Land Art Trail. The paintings are very clearly visible from the main path, but the impression is different whether you look at them from the main path or from closer. The impression also depends on the angle of observation, the lighting, and especially the season. While during the summer vegetation the contrast with the surrounding greenery dominates, in winter this changes into a completely different view.
“Working at height was a real physical challenge, but the feeling of painting an ancient rock gave me indescribable strength. For me, these paintings are a direct communication with the spirit of nature and the mountain.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
14.1. Rock art Lichen ▮
This intervention follows the natural forms of lichen on the rock, emphasizing the symbiosis of living things and stone, the energy of the sun that is felt here, and the power of life that is always renewed.
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The theme of this large rock painting (petroglyph) is lichens, their diversity and importance to the ecosystem. Lichens are extremely sensitive to human activities, such as pollution or deforestation. Due to the disappearance of habitats, changes in microclimatic conditions and air pollution, they have become endangered.
The painting is inspired by the type lichens that are reddish-brown in color, they have leafy ends (like lettuce), in the middle are circular fruiting bodies (apothecia)The complex organic shape of the lichen is stylized in the painting, with a black line emphasizing the outer contours and outlines of the circles in the center.
bike symbolizes the birth of life on barren soil, because lichens are pioneers of vegetation that are the first to inhabit new areas.
The connection with the sun, cave art and mandalas
A wide ring of reddish-orange color around the whitish area represents regenerating sunlight, warmth and expansionThis is especially evident in the afternoon hours when the setting sun illuminates this rock with its warm light, and the painting seems to catch fire.
Details observed up close Due to the choice of colors, they are reminiscent of ancient cave drawings that were created with reddish earth pigments, and the contours were emphasized with black lines.
The painting also reminds us of mandala because of its circular shape and radial symmetry.
Dimensions of the painted surface: 300 x 300 cm
Year of creation: 2016
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“I have always been fascinated by the resilience of lichens, and with this work I wanted to pay homage to their silent, unobtrusive presence. As I traced their edges with paint, I felt my rhythm slow down and align with nature. I also felt a connection to ancient history and the times when people painted cave walls.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
15. Rock art Moss 1 ▮
This rock art is the first in a series of works that use living moss as a motif for an artistic intervention. It depicts a single organ of moss that appears in its unusual life cycle. The work invites observation of details and appreciation of the smallest forms of life in nature.
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Petroglyph painted on a small rock opposite the rest bench draws attention to the moss that is densely covered with boulders on the scree under the cliffs of Stražica. The place is very beautiful and seems a bit fairy-tale. Paintings Mahovina 1 and Mahovina 2 They are inspired by the intriguing shapes of moss sporangia (spore sacs).
Rock painting inspired by organic shapes
This circular petroglyph is actually stylized peristome (mouth opening of spore sac) seen from above as it opens to reveal the spore chamber. Its outer yellow-brown “leaves” can be seen, which have opened like the petals of a flower. The central black spore chamber is represented by yellow dots. It is partially protected by white “leaves”, which are actually the remnants of the connective tissue of the outer “leaves”.
Allusion to the sun and the mandala
This rock painting is also yellow-brown in color due to its radially arranged outer "leaves". allusion to the sun which illuminates this area only in the afternoon, when the petroglyph itself "shines" and comes to its full expression illuminated by the warm rays of the sun.
It is also an allusion to mandala shape, which gives this work a spiritual dimension. The circular shape, the radial symmetry of the motif, the 16 regularly spaced outer “rays”, the center containing the “seed” in a dark, gloomy cover that it symbolizes the hiddenness and mystery of the inner and spiritual world, and the white inner "leaves" that shield the center and thereby additionally protect it, are all spiritual symbols characteristic of mandalas.
It is interesting how this motif came from nature itself, from the mouth openings of quivers of moss, and it contains such an ancient spiritual conception of the world represented by mandalas.
Another site specific art on the Land Art Trail
This work represents site specific art, because it comes to the fore only in the context of the moss in the background. The context and surrounding nature cannot be ignored. This petroglyph is small in size and part of the "picture" is precisely that moss on the stones in the background on the slope of the siparFor this reason, a bench was placed at this location so that the visitor, while sitting and resting, can observe the petroglyph and its entire context.
Moss and the north?
Otherwise, it is widespread the misconception that moss only grows on the north side trees or rocks and that it can be used to determine north. Moss grows in shady and damp areas, regardless of the orientation of the habitat. This area, for example, faces west, and moss still covers almost all the rocks.
Dimensions of the painted surface: 36 x 36 cm
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
“The touch of damp moss under my fingers is for me the most direct contact with the life energy of the forest. I often stop here just to enjoy the sight of the moss on the slope and to take a deep breath of the smell of moisture and freshness that immediately regenerates me.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
16. Rock art Moss 2 ▮
Continuing the exploration of the relationship between the soft tissue of moss and solid rock through abstract motifs and stylized moss organs, the work further draws attention to the micro-landscape hidden in the shady and damp parts of the trail.
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A mosaic-painted rock, partially covered in moss, is located on the main trail just 20 meters away from Mahovina 1. On the monochrome painted surfaces of the fragmented rock, peristome (mouth openings of the quills) watched from above. In this case, they are extremely stylized, and the circular shapes again allude to mandalas, like some previous works.
But here there are also stylized drawings of quivers viewed from the profile, which look like grasses or unopened flowers on stalks.
Conspicuity versus concealment
With this painting, the author wanted to achieve visibility and variety through both the colors and the size of the composition, unlike the Moss 1 petroglyph, which visitors easily miss unless they are careful observers or unless they sit on the bench opposite it to rest, at which point they notice the petroglyph right in front of them.
The rock composition consists of two parts separated by a narrow passage. The balance of the motif is achieved by applying different colors to both parts at somewhat the same level (height from the ground).
Colors and life cycle of mosses
Colors for the background of individual segments are connected with the life cycle of moss. Two shades of green they evoke the colors of the asexual stage of moss development. Yellow at the top of the composition it evokes the sunlight needed for photosynthesis. Dull red represents the soil, known in these parts as "crljenica" of a reddish color. Blue shades They allude to the groundwater and moisture that moss needs for growth, and especially for reproduction during the sexual phase of the moss's life cycle.
Orange The color in the center of each half of the rock composition seems unrelated to moss. However, the moss quills at one point turn orange-brown. Only those who stop can see this., caress and carefully examine the moss, as the quills are usually very small and discreet.
To notice…
For this reason, the artist placed a palm print with a labyrinth in the middle on the orange surfaces, as invitation to approach and contact and to raise awareness of the beauty of moss and its unique life cycle.
Both the drawings of the peristome and sporangia are drawn with thin lines and dots in a discreet gold color, to be noticed only when a person gets really close this painting, just as he will only notice the details of living moss when he observes it from very close up.
The palm prints here ask you to enter the artwork
On the left side is the left palm print, and on the right side is the right palm print. Since they are far apart, the visitor cannot touch them at the same time, but must “enter” this work a little to make contact. This makes them part of the composition, especially since the left side of the rock is recessed in relation to the right side, which is right next to the path.
The psychological meaning of the left and right sides of this rock art
The left and right sides of this rock composition may represent a female and a male individual in the sexual phase of moss development. In a figurative sense, they represent the feminine and masculine sides of the human psyche, which should be in balance and "in harmony" for a person to be a mentally healthy and stable individual.
Just as in moss, reproduction in the sexual phase between individuals of different sexes takes place through water, so in humans it also occurs the psychic union of "animus" and "anime" takes place at the level of emotions, which in esotericism are represented by the element of water.
Dimensions of the rock with painted surfaces: 290 x 450 cm
Year of creation: 2016
“This corner is like a small forest temple of silence for me. I enjoy watching how the intensity of the color on the rock changes depending on the amount of light or humidity, just as moss changes its colors depending on how much rain it has absorbed that day.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
17. Monolith with Spiral Motif 1 ▮
This monolith with a painted spiral motif marks an important transition point on the trail. The work uses an ancient symbol, present in the rock formations of Učka, to emphasize the constant flow of energy through solid matter and the constant change in the forms of life.
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The theme of this rock painting is spiral as the basic form of nature which appears from the microcosm to the macrocosm. The spiral form is present, for example, in DNA, in the shells of foraminifera that build the limestone rocks of Učka, in snail shells, in the curl of young fern leaves and other plants, in water eddies and large atmospheric cyclones, and in the form of galaxies.
The monolith is located along the path itself and is in the shape of a spiral. alludes to the building elements of the rocks of Učka and Ćićarija – invisible spiral microfossils, which the artwork makes visible in this way.
Geological layers
Four irregular wavy elongated areas of color are allusion to the geological layers of the earth. Reddish and brownish are the traditional colors of the country. The black color represents the layers in which oil is created and accumulated, which is formed from the remains of organisms that reached the depths of the Earth through geological processes and turned into "black gold" under high pressure and temperature. Yellow represents lighter rock layers that occur in certain geological formations.
The contrast between yellow and black, placed side by side, is emphasized, with yellow dominating and black "sliding" between the two layers like a wedge. The visually "heavier" dark reddish area of color is at the bottom of the composition, and the lighter and "lighter" brownish area is at the top.
The spiral and its center on this monolith
The spiral occupies the entire "frame" of the painting, and one can sense that it is coming out of it and spreading further into the space. In this way, it does not symbolize only a single specimen of a spiral microfossil, but the totality of fossil rock formationsThe spiral is white because most such fossils form whitish rocks (e.g. limestone and chalk).
The center of the spiral is at the very center of this monolith, which gives the impression of stable balance and harmony. The concentric repetition of the spiral's turns creates a pulsating rhythmicity in contrast to the sluggish and more stable rhythm of the horizontally laid layers of "earth".
Spiritual symbolism of centering
You can lean on this rock because it is right next to the road. Depending on the height of the person, the middle of the spiral comes somewhere in the area of the heart, which in some traditions is considered the center of the human being. This is why this monolith also has spiritual symbolism of centering in my being, focusing the energy of nature through a spiral into a focal point and then absorbing it from the rock through this painting which resembles a mandala, just like some previous paintings.
Dimensions of the painted surface: 155 x 195 cm
Year of creation: 2016
“Painting the spiral on this stone was like setting a signpost for the soul for me. I love feeling the texture of the rock under my fingers and feeling how energy, much like through Reiki, constantly circulates through this space.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
18. Monolith with Spiral Motif 2 (Rock art Fern) ▮
This monolith connects the symbolism of stone with the natural cycles of plant life, especially ferns. The work emphasizes the harmony between the solidity of the rock and the gentle strength of the greenery that surrounds it.
👣 5,6 km
⬅️ back: 0,1 km | next: 0,4 km ➡️
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The second monolith is slightly recessed into the forest, and with a spiral it deals with the theme of ferns. After contemplating the rock painting, visitors are recommended to go behind the monolith. There, nature has created small rest areaYou can even climb the monolith and enjoy a different perspective of the forest and this work.
In this work, a refreshing shade of green is depicted stylized form of spiral curls of young fern leaves. Five stems form a complex, intertwined form, and the spirals themselves vary in size, orientation and position, to create a harmonious, playful and dynamic composition. The background is painted a darker green to emphasize the greenery that awakens in nature with spring. The outer edge of the fern shoots is outlined with a white line that emphasizes the contour of the stem and spiral.
The symbolism of the number five
Five spirals carry the symbolism of the number five, which is also the symbol of a human being, with two arms, two legs and a head (Da Vinci's "Vitruvian Man"). The number five in esotericism represents change (the awakening of spring in nature), movement and growth (physical, but also spiritual growth), contact with the physical (five senses, five fingers, five elements, pentagram), is a symbol of luck in the Chinese, etc.
The deeper meaning of the spirals on this rock art
Also the centers of the spirals, like the palm prints in other works, intuitively “call” a person to touch them. Since there are five spirals in the painting, you can play with combinations of spirals that you touch with both palms at the same time.
The painting depicts a fern drawing food and energy for its growth from the soil and focusing it in the center of the spiral where the greatest development of new cells takes place. This symbolically represents contact with the energies of the earth at the center of the spirals where their focus is. In this way, through this painting, you can have, in addition to the visual and aesthetic, an intangible, spiritual satisfaction.
Dimensions of the painted surface: 250 x 180 cm
Year of creation: 2016
“I am always fascinated by the similarity between these painted spirals and the newly unfurling fronds of a fern. Here I feel the same life force pervading both the stone and the plant, reminding us that everything in nature is connected by the same rhythm.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
PINK SECTION OF THE LAND ART TRAIL
This is a short blind branch of the Land art trail from Entrance 2 to the Krog viewpoint (996 m) on the Stražica cliff. Along the way, you will come across an interesting wooden installation that is associated with the name of this hill. After visiting Krog, you must return to Entrance 2, and then continue the tour of the trail following the orange markings.
19. Sentinel ▮
The guard is a striking wooden vertical that symbolically guards the border between the wooded part of the trail and open spaces. The work represents the archetypal figure of the protector of the mountain, who watches over every traveler who passes through here.
👣 6,0 km
⬅️ back: 0,4 km | next: 0,1 km ➡️
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Land art installation made of acacia log It resembles a guard in an upright military stance and with broad shoulders, hidden among the trees. It is located on the climb to the Kroga na Stražica viewpoint.
Stražica was named after the guard stations or forts from the Uskok-Venetian war that was fought in the 17th centuryThe remains are visible along the elongated ridge in the form of drystone fences and small artificially leveled clearings.
Krog viewpoint
From the Krog viewpoint at an altitude of 996 m, there is a view of the western slopes of Učka, Istria and the Giuseppina (Josephine) road, named in honor of Emperor Joseph II, who had it built at the end of the 18th century. Until the opening of the Učka tunnel in 1981, the road connected Kvarner and Istria over the Poklon pass.
👣 6,1 km
⬅️ back: 0,1 km | next: 0,5 km ➡️
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Acacia logs through the years
The logs form a three-dimensional structure, and an integral part of this land art sculpture are two living beech trees that contrast with the acacia logs. The texture of the rings and the different thicknesses of the logs contribute to the playfulness of the composition. Over the years, the logs have darkened, giving The Sentinel a dark, sinister appearance.
The author restored the installation in 2025 (among other things, he returned and secured the “head” of The Sentinel, which had fallen off). The gallery contains photos from 2016 and 2025.
Dimensions of the log structure: 230 x 45 x 30 cm
Year of creation: 2016
Year of first renewal: 2025.
A little tip for browsing galleries: Every picture has its own story. To learn more, click on the photo to enlarge, then click on the icon "I" in the bottom corner.
“Whenever I pass by the Watchman, I feel a calm strength, as if he is giving me silent permission to continue on my journey. He is a symbol of vigilance for me and an ally who reminds me to always approach the mountain with respect.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
ORANGE SECTION OF THE LAND ART TRAIL
The orange section of the trail connects Entrance 2 with Entrance 1 on Poklon, where you started your tour of the Land Art Trail. It features only one stone land art installation.
NOTICE: The Orange section of the trail is officially closed until further notice due to plumbing work. From Entrance 2 to Entrance 1 (or vice versa) go Instead of the old forest path, there is now a macadam road there, which is easy to pass if no work is being carried out.
20. Stone Circle on a grassy plateau ▮
The trail ends with a stone circle on a grassy plateau overlooking the forest canopy. This work symbolizes wholeness, a complete journey, and a return to one's center after an experience in nature.
👣 6,6 km
⬅️ back: 0,5 km | end: 0,6 km ➡️
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On a grassy plateau on a ledge above a steep slope (on a “balcony”) there is a simple small geoglyph with with the multi-layered symbolism of the circle and the centerLand art in the form of a stone circle has been created by numerous contemporary artists, for example Richard Long, Andrew Rogers, Andy Goldsworthy and others. The circle is a common motif in primitive art. The pure simplicity of the circle captivates with its perfection.
The reddish stones of this geoglyph create a gentle contrast to the green grass of the plateau, but also to the grayish central stone. This is the only location on the trail where this reddish limestone is found.
The circle closes
Circular tour The Land Art Trail began with entering circular geoglyph on Grassy Top, and ends with the entrance to circular geoglyph on the Grassy Plateau. The circle, as one of the fundamental archetypal symbols, at its first point symbolized potential and possibility, i.e. the seed or womb from which something new and significant can be born for you as a visitor who consciously tours this artistic path in the heart of nature, imbued with ancient spiritual symbolism.
At this last point the “circle closes”. Here the circle represents the integrity, completeness and completeness of the experiences experienced and lived on the Land art trail. It is a symbol of evolution, cyclical development, infinity and boundlessness, and, in addition to symbolically "closing" the tour of the trail, it also invites you to come back.
Return to your own center
The stone in the middle of the circle emphasizes the return to one's own center, to a state of peace and unity, which is the result of a spiritual journey along this path, with a multitude of impressions from nature complemented by the aesthetic experience of works of art.
Place of gratitude
This spot is about 15 meters away from the trail. It can be a pleasant resting place in itself, on the thick and soft grass inside the circle or on a small hill near the plateau, on top of which grows a beautiful large beech tree. The tree invites you to embrace it and thank nature.
The entire location serves for farewell to the forest and nature before returning to Poklon Pass and civilization.
Circle diameter: ∅ = 5,5 m
Year of creation: 2016
Year of restoration: 2025
“Finishing the tour in this place is for me an act of returning to myself and reuniting with the whole. I like to just sit here in the grass and let all the impressions from the trail slowly settle in the peace that this mysterious landscape provides.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
END OF LAND ART TRAIL TOUR
👣 Finish: 7,2 km
⬅️ back: 0,6 km
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The messages conveyed by these works of land art and rock art, their psychological-emotional experience, and their spiritual meaning and importance for human well-being, which goes beyond the pure artistic and aesthetic enjoyment of the works, show that land art is much more than art because once upon a time, it contained spiritual values, rituals and contact with nature, which is essential for man.
The oldest rock and cave drawings, paintings and petroglyphs, which regularly appear throughout history in almost every "primitive" art, as well as geoglyphs and monolithic structures of many ancient peoples, can easily be classified as the forerunners of land art as an artistic-conceptual direction that emerged in the 60s in the USA.
An artistic, nature-loving, ecological and spiritual experience
The entire Land Art Trail project on Učka can be described as an artistic, nature-loving, ecological and spiritual experience intended for visitors to the trail, where the artworks were created under the influence of the mountain environment and its natural specificities, with elements of mythology and folklore accompanying the concept of the work.
Rock art as a dominant part of the project, combines ancient influences with new artistic practices and materials and expands the concept of land art itself.
Continuous symbolism on the Land Art Trail
At the end of this journey through the 20 points of the Land art trail, you can conclude that the entire trail tells one continuous storyAlthough each work has its own separate story, none of them stand alone, but are interconnected and relate to the main theme stated in the introduction – contact with nature, contemplation of nature and ecological awareness.
The path repeats symbols of the palm, labyrinth, spiral and circle to emphasize the spiritual-symbolic role of this project, which evokes magical images of ancient peoples and their unity with nature, which they wanted to know, understand, for which they felt awe and gratitude, and whose mysteries they learned through various spiritual rituals.
The author's intention when creating the Land Art Trail
"I wanted to convey to visitors of the Land Art Trail a message about healing man and nature through art and how in that process one can find spiritual meaning, which helps us to relax from the daily stresses of modern life, from the information overload that excessively stimulates the mental side of our personality, while neglecting the creative part in us.
Like an ancient shaman, I headed towards the metaphorical “womb of ideas” embodied in magnificent nature, towards the spaces of the unconscious at the center of the spiral and labyrinth, which exist to preserve some ancient knowledge and spiritual riches, collected through numerous generations.
I was also inspired by poetic myths, and I wrote poetry myself on stone, leaving traces and symbols on the path", so that other seekers who pass by after me may, with their help, receive the symbolic key to reaching their hidden creative potential, in harmony with the energies and rhythms of nature."
– Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Differences in the motivation of visitors to the Land Art Trail
For some visitors, the reason to go is just to a nice trip or picnic, especially for families with children, since the trail is easy, and "children like colorful things". In the process, they have fun, touch palm prints, climb some of the painted monoliths, run through labyrinths, etc. Mountaineering societies organize mass visits to the trail in large groups who may not be able to experience either the works or nature in the right way due to the rush, crowds, and noise.
There are also those who, in their works of land art, they see a connection with ancient spiritual understanding stone structures and cave paintings. They go on the path with the aim of performing some sacred ceremony for them, such as dancing and singing to the drums around the “Red Tree” on the solstice, going to the “Love Stone” for some of their “love rituals”, walking barefoot through labyrinths to absorb the energies there, or just walking in silent meditation.
Individuals walk along the path with this guide and they pay close attention to every detailOthers are trying to make interesting photos with unusual motifs of land art and rock art.
“The reasons for going on the Land Art Trail are diverse and not necessarily identical to my intention that was present when creating it. But as long as the Land Art Trail on Učka encourages people to go out into nature, my goal has been achieved.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
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WAYPOINTS AND MARKINGS ON THE LAND ART TRAIL
Since this is not an ordinary hiking trail but an art walk, i.e. an open-air gallery, the signposts on the trail are also designed in an artistic manner.
Palm sign with labyrinth along the Land Art Trail
Palm print with labyrinth is the logo (sign) of this Land art trail. It was located in golden color on both entrance signs (today it only exists at Entrance 1). In black color is painted on signposts that point to branch paths that lead to some recessed points with works of land art.
The stylized logo of the Land Art Trail also has the function of branding this project. It emphasizes the synthesis of creative (palm of the hand) and spiritual experience (labyrinth) through connection with nature (invitation to contact).
Markings on the Land Art Trail
The path is marked on the ground as special, designed just for this project rectangular markingsThe edges are white, and in the middle there is a strip in one of the five colors, green, red, purple, pink or orange. Visitors know exactly which part of the trail they are on, because the trail segments are marked in the same colors on the map.
In the years after the opening of the Land art trail, classic, red-white hiking markings appeared on parts of the route, as well as the yellow-green markings of the Učka Nature Park, which mark other trails. If you want to go through the Land Art trail, follow the original markings of the Land art trail.
A little tip for viewing the gallery: Every picture has its own story. To learn more, click on the photo to enlarge, then click on the icon "I" in the bottom corner.
“As a hiker, I am familiar with the challenges of navigating nature and the mountains. Since the Land Art Trail is designed more as a walking trail than a hiking trail, I made sure it was well marked so that you would feel safe and guided on the trail, even if you are not inclined to hiking.” – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
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DOWNLOADING THE LAND ART TRAIL GUIDE
Updated guide to the Land Art Trail (2026)
Given the changes that have occurred over the years to the Land Art Trail since its opening in 2016 and during its renovations in 2025 and 2026, we recommend that you follow this updated guide. The other guides listed below are older versions that are no longer completely up to date, and we leave them here as a reminder.
Since the signal on Učka is weak or non-existent, we recommend that you read this guide before leaving home. print, save as PDF or download the page to your mobile phone for offline access.
Click on the three dots (usually in the upper right corner), find the command “Print”, “Save as PDF”, “Download page”, or “Share”. The exact method depends on your internet browser and the device you are using. Saving as PDF is often hidden within the “Print” command.
That way you will have access this guide even if you lose signal.
If you don't need a guide, have at least one with you static offline map of the Land art trail which you can freely download to your device.
GPX route trace
Download GPX track of the Land Art Trail which contains a precisely drawn path and all points of interest (Waypoints) with information and direct links to the descriptions in this guide. Open the GPX track in your favorite app or in a completely free app Organic Maps which has excellent offline maps for viewing and navigating in areas without signal. Before heading to Učka, download the offline map of Croatia within the app to make sure navigation will work even in areas without signal.
Official routes in mountaineering applications
If you prefer to use ready-made navigation with marked points, photos and short descriptions of sections, you can also follow the official route of the Land Art Trail via the following applications (links lead directly to the route within the applications):
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Guide to the Stražica – Sapaćica Land Art Trail on Učka (2018)
Download the guide (official version from 2018, 36 pages)
“Guide to the Stražica – Sapaćica Land Art Trail on Učka” (2018), published by the Atelier Hayat association in collaboration with the Učka Nature Park Public Institution and co-funded by the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, will provide you with a deeper understanding of the Land Art Trail.
The Guide describes all the artworks from the aspects of art, natural science and ecology, as well as spirituality and mysticism. The meaning of the symbols, colors and forms that appear in the works of land art and rock art that you will encounter on your walk along the Land Art Trail is explained in detail. The guide also includes a map of the Land Art Trail with marked locations of 20 artworks, 4 viewpoints and 2 entrances. You can freely download the guide in PDF format to your mobile device or print it out to enrich your experience of art and nature during your visit to the Land Art Trail on Učka.
Author Boris Pecigoš
Title: Guide to the Land art trail Stražica – Sapacica na Učka (1st online edition)
Publisher: Atelier Hayat in collaboration with the Public Institution Učka Nature Park, Rijeka, 2018.
ISBN: 978-953-56969-1-9
Original URL of the online publication: http://boris-pecigos.com/2018/12/01/vodic-po-land-art-stazi-na-ucki/
Online publication date: 1. 12. 2018.
Graphic design and layout: Frontispiece.hr
Guide to the Land Art Trail on Učka (2016/2017)
Download the guide (older version in Croatian from 2017, 25 pages)
Download the guide (older version in English from 2016, 12 pages)
Leaflet Land Art Trail Stražica – Sapaćica (2016)
You can freely download the leaflet published by the Učka Nature Park in 2016, with the most basic information about each land art point in abbreviated form, with a road map on how to get to the entrance to the trail, and with a detailed map of the Land Art Trail itself in PDF format (5 pages) and print it out to serve as a small guide while touring the trail.
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WHAT OTHERS SAY ABOUT LAND ART TRAIL
"It is great to see that the value of the Land Art Trail has been recognized by numerous international and domestic travel writers. From global guides like Lonely Planet to popular domestic portals, many have recorded their impressions of this walkway in their reports. Their reviews provide additional insight into the trail from the perspective of travelers and researchers, and give me, as the author, the incentive to further maintain and renew this project." – Boris Pecigoš, author of the trail
Here are some of the most interesting posts about the trail:
- Wikivoyage: Učka Land Art Trail
- Under Dreamskies: Everyone should visit the land art trail on Učka. Here's why
- Hello Istria: Land Art Trail Stražica–Sapaćica: A mystical autumn adventure on Učka for the whole family
- Travel Suitcase: What a combination of art and nature! We visited the “land art” trail on Ćićarija, an easy walk with beautiful views
- Travelogue: Land art trail on Učka: a story about the connection between art and mountains through the slow pace of hiking
- PodUčkun.net: Feasting in the snow on Učka: Land Art trail as a magical winter respite from the holiday hustle and bustle
- PodUčkun.net: The land art trail on Učka shines again: markings renewed along seven kilometers of the route
- New sheet: A nature park for escaping the heat: 'Sun and sea are the norm, but Učka also has its charms'
- Voice of Istria: Weekend walk with the family: Stražica – Sapaćica Land Art Trail in Učka Nature Park
- tportal: Artistic intervention on Učka for a stronger experience of nature
- Roadaholics: Učka Nature Park – “Land art trail Stražica – Sapaćica”
- Regional Express: The “Land Art Trail Stražica – Sapaćica” was recently opened
- Tourist stories: Land art trail on Ćićarija that tells stories about nature
- Radio Maestral: Land art trail Stražica – Sapaćica
- HDLU Zagreb: Photo report: Land art trail by Boris Pecigoš, Učka 2016
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VIDEOS ABOUT THE LAND ART TRAIL FROM TV SHOWS
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR OF THE LAND ART TRAIL
Education and membership
Boris Pecigoš was born in 1974 in Zagreb. He lives in Rijeka. He holds a Master's degree in Fine Arts on the topic of land art, and a Bachelor's degree in Painting on the topic of expressiveness of line and color from the Ljubljana Academy of Fine Arts. Arthouse – College of Visual Arts. He is a member of HDLU Zagreb (Croatian Society of Visual Artists Zagreb) and HDLU Rijeka (Croatian Society of Visual Artists, Rijeka).
Inspiration
He finds artistic inspiration primarily in the beauty of nature, the sea and the mountains, but also in mysterious prehistoric drawings, figures and standing stones, in modern mysticism, the transcendence of music and poetry, and in the unfathomable mystery of transience and death.
Boris's artistic focus is on land art and rock art. Land art is art in nature (earthworks). Rock art is rock paintings (painting of rocks and monoliths in nature, where permitted).
He is the author, performer and maintainer of a comprehensive project Land art trail on Učka, his most significant public work to date, which unites art, spirituality and nature. The project includes around 20 art installations along the 7,2 km trail. The entire infrastructure – from routing and markings to the arrangement of viewpoints and regular maintenance – was personally designed and implemented by him.
Why land art?
Land art and rock art allow Boris to connect his art in the most direct way with his love for nature and interest in geology and historical places with remains of old cultures. He brings his understanding of the spiritual into land art. Boris tries to evoke that mystical, ritual and sacred relationship towards the forces of nature, typical of ancient cults.
Boris communicates with the audience more directly through works of land art than through pictures. Land art works are interactive - they invite you to enter them or to touch them. This creates not only visual, but also important tactile contact for Boris with the work itself and with the surrounding nature, which would not be possible in the gallery space.
Read the review by Krešimira Gojanović, MA about the land art and rock art creations of Boris Pecigoš.
Personalized land art for your property
Boris's land art works harmonize the energy of a space and create places for contemplation. They become your sacred spaces, energy anchors and meditative points. Boris shapes the natural landscape into timeless works of art that communicate with the environment and enhance the aesthetic value of the property. Boris is available for site-specific bespoke land art commissions, from permanent stone structures to meditative interventions.
See Boris's land art and rock art portfolio.
Recognition of HDLU Zagreb for the Učka Land Art Trail
Contact:
boris.pecigos@gmail.com
+385 92 30 90 550
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FAQ – FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT THE LAND ART TRAIL
Land Art Trail on social networks:
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